英会話で動詞は必ず必要ですが、同じように副詞も重要です。
副詞は基本的に動詞を修飾するものですが、
「どのように」と言う程度を表現してくれます。
動詞だけでは素っ気ないところに多少の色を付ける感じです。
いろいろある副詞を一度整理してパターンを理解しておきましょう。
１．時間の副詞
時間を表現する副詞には次の副詞があります。
already, ago, before, yet, never, soon, lately etc.
- I have already finished my work.
- I met him before.
- I went there three years ago.
- I have seen it before.
- I haven’t spoken to her yet.
- She has never been to Kyoto.
- He is coming here soon.
- I haven’t been feeling so well lately.
２．頻度を表す副詞
頻度を表す副詞には次の副詞があります。
always, usually, normally, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely etc.
- It is always hot here.
- I usually go to the shop on Sunday.
- I normally play in this park.
- We often go out for dinner.
- Sometimes they come and talk in this room.
- I seldom see the TV.
- I rarely do overtime.
３．場所の副詞
場所の副詞としては以下の副詞があります。
here, near, down, away, backwards, upwards etc.
- He came here two hours ago.
- She lives near here.
- We went down the street.
- He is away on holiday.
- He walked backwards towards the window.
- She moved her face upwards.
４．程度の副詞
程度の副詞としては以下の副詞があります。
almost, fully, rather, quite, too, enough etc.
- He is almost 90 years old.
- We are all fully prepared for the festival.
- I am rather busy.
- They are quite different.
- I feel too hot here.
- We had enough to eat.
５．肯定・否定の副詞
肯定・否定の副詞としては以下の副詞があります。
certainly, surely, apparently, obviously, undoubtedly etc.
- I certainly accept his plan.
- He will surely do that job for me.
- Apparently it’s going to snow soon.
- He was obviously telling the truth.
- This one is undoubtedly the best product of this year.
副詞にはそれぞれ働きがあります。その働きは上記のように分類できます。
副詞をただひとつひとつ覚えるよりも働きによって分類して
あるいはパターン化して覚えると効率的に覚えることができます。
動詞を使えば必ず必要なのが副詞です。副詞の働きを再確認しましょう。